Winning Content Marketing Gold Takes This

Achieving athlete-level excellence in your content marketing can build your brand’s identity and boost sales. But it’s important to remember that when it comes to being successful at it, content marketing is more like a marathon, rather than a sprint. Sporadic social media posts and the occasional blog piece isn’t enough to tell your brand’s story or build relationships with customers. You need consistency and commitment to take the gold. So, here are a few simple ways to come out on top in your content marketing marathon. 1. Set your goals To prepare for a marathon, you need to know exactly what you’re goals are, your obstacles and how you define success. Only then can you create a plan to get you there. The same goes for content marketing. Do you want more visibility for your brand? Are you aiming for increased sales of a particular product? Whatever you define your goals, obstacles and success as, they’ll act as the building blocks for your entire content marketing strategy. 2. Make a timeline Marathon runners stick to a strict training schedule in order to meet their mileage goals. Similarly, each of your content marketing goals will probably take different amounts of time to achieve and, unless you use the right tools to stay organized, it’s easy to let your focus and productivity slide. So, use a content calendar to stay on top of every aspect of content creation – what to write, who will write it, when to publish it and how to promote it. 3. Be consistent If you only train once a week, every run is going to be difficult and progress will be slow. However, if you do it three or four times a week, you’ll find your stamina improves quickly and your runs are easier and faster. Content marketing works in much the same way – you can’t post every couple of months and expect to build or maintain an audience. Push yourself to create a consistent stream of quality content in order to stay on your audience’s radar and keep their attention. Anyone who’s serious about marathon training is sure to keep tabs on their progress. Content marketers may not be worried about personal records, but they certainly care about another important â€Å"PR† – their page rank! Use Google Analytics and other analytics tools to see how your content is performing over time. 5. Find ways to improve Runners are always striving to beat their own personal records. Similarly, content marketers should constantly try to make their campaigns more effective. Be sure to periodically evaluate your efforts to see what’s working and what needs to be tweaked. Stay in touch with the needs of your audience and make use of their feedback. Go for Gold You don’t have to be a real-life runner to take a â€Å"marathon† approach to your content marketing strategy. Just applying a few of these tips and tactics is enough to set you on the right track. Remember that content marketing is a long-term investment, so keep your efforts consistent and always strive to be even better. Once that’s done, you’ll be ready for gooooooooooooold!

What The Doctor Ordered Essays - Frankenstein, Free Essays

What The Doctor Ordered Essays - Frankenstein, Free Essays What The Doctor Ordered WHAT THE DOCTOR ORDERED Life is a rat race. In order to succeed, one is required to stay in the front of the pack. To lead a happy, loving life, however, one must stop and smell the roses so the meaningful qualities in life don't pass you by. A prime example of a person who overlooks this aspect of life can be found in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein. Through Dr. Frankenstein, Shelley warns readers of the consequences of playing god and allowing business to take you away from the simple pleasures in life. As shown through him, too much knowledge and determination may not be what the doctor ordered. Frankenstein illustrates god-like characteristics by creating a living creature. As a boy he was deeply smitten with the thirst for knowledge (22), and obtained an eager desire to learn (23). This dedication and love for science he pursued led him to crave more and strive to go one step further than other scientists have in the past. Devoting his life to learning the sciences of the human frame, Frankenstein became capable of bestowing animation upon lifeless matter (37), and recognizes the chance to become the father of a new type of species he can take credit for. Ironically, Frankenstein's creature obtains the power to destroy his creator, along with all civilization. If God, the single perfect being, cannot create perfect life, how could an imperfect person possibly do it? Frankenstein is oblivious to the danger of his knowledge and to the citadel of nature (25) he will enter by becoming aware of the secrets of heaven and earth (23). Frankenstein travels down a dangerous path whe n he goes as far as to play God by exploring supernatural life and after his work is complete, he fearfully realizes that he not only created a new life, but with that life, he brought a new form of evil into the world. During the two years Frankenstein worked on his creation he became totally absorbed in his work which leads to neglect towards himself, his family, and the beautiful scenes of nature he, in the past, took pleasure in. Once he dived headfirst into his project, he showed no signs of coming up for air. Frankenstein puts his life on hold and seemed to have lost all soul or sensation but for this one pursuit (39). In fear of an unsuccessful outcome, he ruthlessly works day and night trying to complete his work. In the process, he deprived [himself] of rest and health (42) and became pale and emaciated due to this lacking. Not only did he neglect his health, Frankenstein also overlooked his loving family who began to worry about him. Obviously [he] knew [his] silence disquieted them (40), but couldn't tear himself away from his work long enough to simply reply to their letters. Another pleasure Frankenstein tried to forget was the nature he had always found comfort in. However, not even th e charms of nature (40) could break the force field isolating Frankenstein and his creation in the study. Once he realized all the pleasures he set aside due to the overwhelming desire he beheld for his work, Frankenstein began making excuses. He made himself believe that the passion and peace he felt towards his family and the beauties of nature stood as an obstacle in his path and would only disturb his tranquility (40). When you give up the things you love and the aspects of life that have always given pleasure to you, you risk losing them forever. Frankenstein became so caught up in his work he missed out on two years of his life. He never visited his family and it wasn't until after his work was done did he read a letter sent to him by Elizabeth updating him on everything that had gone on. After Frankenstein is aware of the monster he produced, he understands all he gave up and now regrets what he allowed his life to become. Getting caught up in the rat race led Dr. Victor Frankenstein to the terrible fate like had in store for him. All too late, he realizes that a truly happy man never losses sight of the important aspects he

U.S. Monetary Policy and International Implications Essay

U.S. Monetary Policy and International Implications - Essay Example e economy is growing seems insufficient to initiate and sustain considerably large up-gradation in the current job market, the FOMC has decided to take measures and modify its financial policies to bring significant changes in the employment levels. The rate of unemployment has been recorded at a high 7.8 percent in 2012, which is much higher than the projections made by analysts as the normal level of unemployment in the long run (Bernanke). There is a large level of slack in resources in the U.S. and it is being persistently maintained with high margins. This supports the restrained rates of inflation in the U.S. although there are short term fluctuations in prices of goods and services in the economy. Consumer price inflation at present shows lower than the expected level that is required to achieve the long run objective of 2 percent as set by the Federal Reserve (Press Release). Federal Reserve's Recent Policy Actions The monetary policy strategies of the Federal Reserve are ste ered by the dual mandate of promoting maximum level of employment and achieving stability in prices (Mayer 184). With the inadequate progress found in the US job markets coupled with subdued inflationary pressures, the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) has taken certain important actions in 2012 with the aim of providing â€Å"additional policy accommodation† (Bernanke). In September of 2012 information collected from reliable sources continued to let out weak signals regarding labor markets. There were also no sign of noteworthy inflation pressures. This induced the FOMC to take additional steps for making provisions of policy accommodation. The span of time over which the FOMC has kept its expectations â€Å"to maintain exceptionally low levels of the federal funds rate† (Bernanke) has... This essay stresses that while the asset purchase program of the FOMC is aimed at increasing employment levels and improve job market conditions along with stabilizing the price of commodities in the U.S. economy, this policy action also has certain significant negative impacts. In my opinion, although the quantitative easing puts a positive influence on the economic performance of the country, the government has to increase subsidy on labor wages and increase demand for labor by the producers. An increase in wages would improve demand conditions in the economy which would increase productivity levels. While improving demand conditions in the economy, this process would take care of the problem of excess liquidity in the economy. This paper makes a conclusion that mixed views have been provided in the debate revolving around the asset purchasing by the FOMC. In terms of efficiency of the quantitative easing program, most of the members of the Committee have agreed that this policy creates a meaningful result by easing financial circumstances thereby accelerating the process of economic growth. According to these observers, less credit constraints and lower rates of interest would increase investment by investors. On the other hand, some members of the Committee consider this policy as having a diminishing impact on the economic condition of the country. This is because quantitative easing lessens the financial stress in the short term, but, no consensus has yet been reached with regard to the long term effects of the assets purchasing policy.

CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS - Research Paper Example It helped in the flow of the populace and provides reinforcement against incursion. The concepts were exported to the New World, as William Penn, the founder of Philadelphia city came up with gridiron plan in outlining the streets and a major portion of land flexible to quick change in land utilization. This resulted in contemporary planning of the cities so as to suit the needs of the inhabitants. After the first war that happens in the world, the country was destroyed resulting in finances channeled to retrofitting the American towns towards the launch of the automobile business. These required finances as the cost of expenses were high. In the year 1920, the country underwent a great depression and the worst hit trade was the building industry. This led to stagnation of buildings across the towns. The recent changing trends play a major role in influencing modern urban designs. The changes sweeping the planning profession have come up with an ideology about urban design as a profession away from the normal concept that entails societal issues and guiding principle. It is important for the contemporary designers to come up with varied knowledgeable designs that suit the urban environment. Public realm proposal is another aspect that should be taken into account when planning the modern cities. Spaces between the constructions should be considered when building houses. The spaces are linked to culture, the people’s behavior, security, accessibility and commerce. Consequently public realm is a vital aspect in urban designs. A high-quality development initiative should consider energy effectiveness and biodiversity. Conservative development preparation forms the basis for environmental policies hence the need for the implementation. Designers should encourage the development of ecological improvement together with the urban design doctrines. The movement advocated for striking cities as it believed that a nice city is conducive for the

Culture in business Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Culture in business - Term Paper Example Different nations across the world have different cultures and it is important for a business to evaluate and critically understand these cultural dynamics as they play key role in the success of a business in a particular area. People attach a lot of significance to the cultural issues within their region this usually influence their behavior, attitude, opinion in regard to a business. Communication is an extremely key factor for the success of a business. National culture in which a business enterprise operates can alter and daunt effective communication. Language is one of the most important aspects of a communication (Tahir, 2014). If two people are not able to communicate in a language they both adequately understand, the message transmission cannot go through or its interpretation can be flawed. For example, for an American firm to expand its branches and open more others in the Middles East countries, it is important that the language issue is properly addressed by decisions like hiring workers who understand the language of the local people so that communications with the consumers and every stake holder is enabled. Product promotions and advertisements sometimes require the promoters to use local languages of the people so as to enable the target group; who apparently might not be able to speak any other language relate the advert message. In some culture selection of wording is very important in product promotion. Some words might mean well in one culture but on the other culture, they are condemned. Also, to be able to effectively communicate with employees who probably are hired locally from that nation with a diverse culture require the business management to speak the same language. Consumers are more likely to purchase products from firms that they effectively communicate with than those that don’t. This implies that firms that identify

Application Reinforcement Theory By Managers To Shape Employees Behaviours Business Essay

Application Reinforcement Theory By Managers To Shape Employees Behaviours Business Essay INTRODUCTION The aim of this paper is to explain the application of reinforcement theory by the managers to shape employees behaviors in order to overcome restraining forces of change in an organization. Goal is to explain the managerial aspect of applying reinforcement theory. For better explanation, some basic fundamentals of Organizational Behavior and Organizational Development will be used with special reference to reinforcement theory and how managers should apply strategies in lessening resistance to change amongst employees. Purpose is to help us better understand organizational behavior and organizational development techniques and theory and how to implement them in an organization. I will be including all the essential components of reinforcement theory,its principle,its application as how it should be implemented by managers,what are the restraining forces that comes in the way during changes and how management should try to overcome it. Reinforcement is an extremely important principle of conditioning used by managers to influence their employees in an organization. It is the process of shaping behavior by controlling its consequences. Reinforcement theory is sometimes known as operant conditioning as it focuses on th relationship between operant behavior and associated consequences. Continuous reinforcement strategies are implemented to sustain employees desire to work as they loose their interest in work over long period of time. Hence management should use the reinforcement strategies and theories to motivate their employees and benefit their organization to achieve desired results. ORGANISATIONAL BEHAIOUR THEORIES Organizational theories helps to motivate workers and employees so that they can perform their jobs in the best possible manner contributing to overall development of the organization. These provide courage and motivation to the employees in order to improve their working skills. There are two best known names for the development of theories :- Parlov who developed theory of classical conditioning and Skinner who developed theory of instrumental conditioning. CLASSICAL CONDITIONING Classical Conditioning is the type of learning made famous by Pavlovs experiments with dogs. It is used by trainers to condition (train) autonomic responses, such as the drooling, producing adrenaline, or reducing adrenaline (calming) without using the stimuli that would naturally create such a response; and, to create an association between a stimulus that normally would not have any effect on the animal and a stimulus that would. Classical conditioning reflects how an organism learns to transfer a natural response from one stimulus to another. It is association between two stimuli. This theory is difficult to explain wide variety of observable human behavior, specially issues involving complexity. It does not allow for choice in the response options available to humans and applied in daily life. It deals with cognitive thought process. OPERANT CONDITIONING Operant conditioning forms an association between a behavior and consequences. This process has a wider application than the classical conditioning approach as it provides shaping of behavior in particular patterns. The basic assumption of operant conditioning is that behavior is influenced by its consequences One of the distinctive aspects of Skinners theory is that it attempted to provide behavioral explanations for a broad range of cognitive phenomena. For example, Skinner explained drive (motivation) in terms of deprivation and reinforcement schedules. PRINCIPLES OF OPERANT CONDITIONING Some of the important principles of operant conditioning that can aid the manager to influence behavior:- POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT Managers often use positive reinforcer to influence behavior. A positive reinforcer is a stimulus which,when added to the situation,strengthens the probability of a behavioral response. It can be used to improve employees performance. Positive reinforcement is highly effective and used for two reasons. Firstly, it is used for the direction or motivation of the actions of other people and secondly it uses versatile concept of reinforcement as an explanation of behavior. Many organizations uses positive reinforcements to increase productivity, decrease absenteeism and workplace accidents. For Eg. An insurance company offered incentives at end of each month if the agent succeed to reach their target. Another example,chemical bank has set up programs to positively reinforce employee actions that lead to better customer service. Positive reinforcement can be monetary rewards as well as non financial rewards such as recognition,merchandise incentives etc. When positive reinforcements are used, the desired outcome is that the behavior is reinforced. NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT Negative reinforcement increases the frequency of a response following removal of a negative reinforcer immediately after the response. It strengthens the response as response removes some painful stimulus and enables the organization to avoid it. For example, exerting high degrees of efforts to complete a job may be negatively reinforced by not listening to boss. PUNISHMENT It relates to unpleasant reward for particular behaviors. It is defined as presenting an uncomfortable consequence for a particular behavioral response. It is increasingly used managerial strategy. This forms of reinforcements decreases the occurrence of the behavior in question. Organizations typically use several types of unpleasant events to punish individuals. Interpersonal punisher are used extensively including frowns,grunts,personal grudges and aggressive body language of an employee. Punishments can also be materialistic i.e, cut in pay, demotion, final punishment can be firing of an employee,transfer to another job,etc For example, punishing a worker who slows down the work may be an economically necessary step to alter behavior, another example can be loss of pay. There can be negative affects of punishment,it can cause undesirable emotional reaction,another problem is control of undesirable behavior becomes restricted to managers presence only. EXTINCTION Extinction can be defined as decline in response rate because of non reinforcement. It refers to stopping of the reinforcement,firstly it leads to reduction n eventually omission of reinforcement. An example would be if an employee is not acknowledged despite of his or her tremendous work,he will finally stop doing so. This form of reinforcement decreases the occurrence of the behavior in question. An important base for all these important principle is Thorndikes classic law of effect. Managers must strategically balance between the use of pleasant and unpleasant events occurring in an organization in order to meet their desired outcomes. However positive management procedures dominates in any well-run organization. Before applying reinforcements in an organization,managers also need to know as to when reinforcements should be used in order to influence level and rate of continued repetition of desired behavior. For this it is important to know the Schedules of Reinforcement. SCHEDULES OF REINFORCEMENT In an organization it is very essential to time the rewards and punishment and timing of these outcomes is known as reinforcement scheduling. There are different results of timing and frequency of reinforcement. Reinforcement schedules is widely used to explain different process of workplace such as absenteeism,motivation,different payment systems. Continuous and Intermittent Reinforcement Continuous reinforcements means that the behavior is reinforced each time it occurs and is the simplest schedule of reinforcement. If the reinforcement does not occur after each response ,an intermittent reinforcement schedule is being used. Ferster and Skinner argued that there are two basic types of intermittent schedules. First there are those schedules in which reinforcement occurs at fixed number of desired responses,secondly, there are schedules where reinforcements occurs regularly or irregularly. By combining these two ideas four intermittent schedules are made which they believe has different effects on behaviors. Four types of intermittent schedules are :- 1. Fixed Interval Schedule In fixed interval schedule,a constant amount of time should pass before a reinforcer is provided. In other words behavior pattern almost stops after a reward until the next interval . An example may be praise employees performance once a week and not at other times or payment of employees must be done weekly,biweekly or monthly. This is an monetary reinforcement that comes at the specific period of time. 2. Variable Interval Schedule It represents changes in th amount of time between reinforcer. Variable reinforcer varies in time and predictability. Examples of variable interval schedules would be managers giving special recognition to employees for successfully completing projects and promoting them to higher-level positions . If the manager does not changes its schedule,employee would anticipate his tours and adjust their behavior accordingly to be rewarded. 3. Fixed Ratio Schedule In fixed ratio schedule ,the behavior which you desire must occur number of times specifically before reinforcement takes place. It produces high reinforce rate at closing of reinforcements. For example,paying employees weekly checks that is determined to be paid in expected time. 4. Variable Ratio Schedule Unlike fixed ratio,variable ratio schedule varies in the number of repetitions of desired behavior. There is a high rate of responding in this schedule. Managers often uses variable ratio with praise and recognition. For example ,In an organization bonuses or special awards are given after varying numbers of desired behaviors . Variable ratio schedules produces desired behavioral change which is consistent and very resistant to extinction. ORGANISATION APPLICATION OF BEHAVIOURAL MODIFICATION Organizational behavioral modification is a more general term coined to designate the systematic reinforcement of desirable organizational behavior and the non reinforcement or punishment of unwanted organizational behavior. It is based on an assumption that behavior is more important than psychological causes (needs, values,motives held by individuals)(7) Application of behavior modification in organization follows step by step process:- 1. Managers must define and identify the behavior specifically. When a behavior is observable and can be recorded then it is being pinpointed. To be pinpointed as an important behavior,there must be positive answers to these questions: > can it be seen ? >Can it be measured? 2. Pinpointed behaviors must be counted by the managers as it provides a clear perspective of the strength of the behavior at the present or before change situation. By graphing these data ,managers can determine whether behavior is increasing or decreasing or remaining at the same. 3. ABC analysis should be conducted any managers of an organization. ABC refers to antecedents (analyzing antecedents of actual behavior), behavior (pinpointing critical behavior) and consequences (indicates contingent consequences). This helps managers to analyze performance analysis questions significant in programs. Questions may be:- Antecedents > Does the employer know what is expected? > Have they been communicated? > Are they clear about the standards? Behavior > Can the behavior be performed? > Could the employee do it if his or her life is dependent on it? > Does something prevent its occurrence Consequences > Are the consequences weighted in favor of performance? > Do we note improvement even though the improvements may still leave the employee below company standards? > Is the reinforcement specific? 4. Manager describes action plan and strategies after setting the first three steps. The strategies for strengthening desirable performance and weaken undesirable behaviors are positive reinforcers, negative reinforcers, punishment and extinction. Generally managers tends to use positive reinforcement in applying behavior modification programs but identifying it is not so easy. It can be identified by asking subordinates whats rewarding and another method can be by doing surveys asking about job preferences. 5. The last steps involves evaluation. This step is essential as it tells manager to review changes in behavior before the implementation of the program. Evaluation permits managers to measure performance on an ongoing basis. It also provide feedback to managers which help them to take corrective measures if any. Behavior modification helps to understand workplace behavior by making connections between stimulus,response and contingencies. Reinforcement theory is an important explanation of how people learn behavior. It is often applied to organizational settings in the form of a behavioral modification program. Although the assumptions of reinforcement theory are often criticized, its principles continue to offer important insights into individual learning and motivation. Assessing behavioral modification programmes in an organization has evolved a technique known as meta analysis. This collect studies using different sample sizes and weight them accordingly. One meta analysis of a larger number of studies found a 93 percent success rate which appeared in different target behavior and organizational settings. Organizational behavior modification is used widely among several organizations which includes united air lines,General electric, Proctor and Gamble, Michigan bell telephone etc. Organizational behavior modification is making and can make a positive contribution to organizational behavior. Absenteeism rates,quality of productions and employee safety behaviors appear to improve more often than not when using Organizational behavior modification. Hence a manager should understand that the employees are the most important aspect of an organization success, and towards the realization of its goals and so every employee must be motivated in doing his function. Motivation is significant factor in persuading a certain employee to work at his best . Therefore, it is essential that reinforcement strategies should be continuously conceptualized and implemented in order to sustain employees positive attitude towards his work. Employees tend to loose their interest in their work over long periods of time; so continuous reinforcement strategies are implemented to sustain employees desire to finish their job. The strategies are based on Douglas McGregors two different assumptions (Theories X and Y). > There must be continuous coercion and control of employees. > They must be directed always on what to do. Continuous monthly reward must be given to employees to boost their self confidence and improve organizations desired outcome. By using certain theories and strategies ,managers can help in reinforcing their employees by fulfilling their needs, giving them bonuses,treating them equitably,making them satisfied ,more goal oriented and focused, resulting in high outputs to an organization. RESTRAINING FORCES BLOCKING IMPLEMENTATION OF CHANGE IN EMPLOYEES Kurt Lewin ,developed a management technique known as Force field analysis and is used to overcome resistance to change in an organization. According to Lewin, there are driving and restraining forces which influence any change that may occur in a situation. Driving forces Driving forces are forces that tends to initiate a change and keeps it going. pressure from a supervisor, competition may be some examples of driving forces in an organization. Restraining forces are forces acting to restrain or decrease the driving forces. For example, poor maintenance of equipment may restraining forces against increased production in an organization. In a group process, there are always some forces that favor the change and some forces that are against it. Therefore an equilibrium should be established and it is reached when the sum of the driving forces equals the sum of the restraining forces. To make the employees accept the changes, manager should push driving forces and convert or immobilize the restraining forces. HINDRANCES TO OD CHANGE PROGRAMS Uncertainty regarding change Employees resist change due to the uncertainty and ambiguity associated with the old ways of doing things. Generally,people tend to become more independent and active as they grow older and wiser in a firm. They become anxious accepting changes,they have fear of unknown.they are filled with insecurity due to lack of information in new techniques. Threats To Position Power This type of threat is often seen in top management,which threaten them to lower their status or prestige in a group during the process of change. Social Factors Every individual have social needs. While working in an organization employee becomes members of certain informal group and so,any change or new adjustment will bring a fear among them. The stronger the group ties,the greater the resistance of change. Threat to specialization. Any change in organization may also threaten the expertise of specialized groups. For example, giving specialized training to all the employees was perceived as a threat by the experts in an organization. Threat to insecurity Safety and security are high priority for every individual. and this is the major factor for resistance to change especially on the job front. When employees feel that the security of the job is at the stake due to the change, they resist it. WAYS TO LESSEN RESISTANCE It is very important for the managers to overcome the resistance of change in employees by using some of the following strategies:- Effective Communication: One of the foremost reason for resistance to change is inaccurate information or in other words lack of communication. Thus effective communication program can help in overcoming this resistance. Managers should give necessary information about any change, its process and its working through training class and conferences. Reasons for change must also be communicated very clearly among employees. This will help in making employees understand about the necessity of change in an organization. Participation and Involvement: Participation and involvement can help employee to accept changes in an organization. It helps in removing their doubts and to win their cooperation in the change process. This involvement of the workers can obtain personal commitment and increase the quality of the changed decisions. Negotiation and Agreement: Negotiation and Agreement technique is very useful and can make change go much smoothly. For example, union agreement, transferring employee to other divisions etc. Leadership: Leadership plays an important role in overcoming resistance to change. A capable leader can reinforce a climate of psychological support for change. A strong and effective leader can exert emotional pressure on his subordinates to bring about the desired change. (8) Coercion: Managers may choose to coercion if all other methods fail. Coercion may be in form of explicit or implicit threats involving loss of jobs, lack of promotion, etc. Managers sometimes dismiss employees who resist change. It can seriously affect employees attitudes and may also have adverse consequences in the long run. Managers consider change to be an important ingredient to the success of any organization and therefore it is extremely essential for them to overcome restraining forces of change amongst their employees ,using such strategies and techniques. Gaining acceptance of proposed changes is the foremost job of the management as it directly focuses on Organizational Development. It is not the strongest of the species that survive nor the most intelligent but the one most responsive to change Charles Darwin CONCLUSION Reinforcement theory deals with motivating and influencing behavior of employee. It is sometimes also referred as operant conditioning. In order to understand manager and employees perspective it is important to know the organizational behavior techniques and theory. Reinforcement theory shapes individual behaviors and so organization uses this theory to influence their employees. There are several principle of this theory which include positive reinforcement which is in terms of some monetary reward or non financial rewards,negative reinforcement which include dismissal or some kind of negative activity taken by managers, punishment and extinction. Then it is also important to understand as to when this theory should be applied by the management and so its scheduling is also significant aspect. Reinforcement scheduling can be continuous schedule or intermittent schedule. Further this paper focuses on application of this organizational behavior theory by the managers ,explaining managers actions and controls. It also focuses on restraining forces blocking implementation of changed program established by manager and later it also describes how to overcome resistance to these changes.

Social Networking: Privacy Issues Essay -- Facebook, Twitter, Internet

Is it an invasion of privacy, if we place our private thoughts and photos on social websites and other people besides out friends and family view it? Who really reads the terms of use and conditions in a privacy statement online? We just click the checkbox and keep on going. If we had to read each and every single line, no one would ever sign up on a social networking site. How do users protect themselves through the forest of privacy options so they can get the most out of Facebook, MySpace and Twitter with the least amount of risk? The more information a user gives to the social network the greater risk that someone could misuse or steal information. Most users do not understand how to protect themselves and go through the necessary steps for protection on cyberspace. There are several problems with adding contact information in your profile. If you do not lock out this information to the friends you want to have such information, anyone that views your page can get you contact information such as cell phone, IM screen name, address, city and email address. According to the Web site geek system, Cryptome, a whistleblower site got their hands on Microsoft’s â€Å"Global Criminal Compliance Handbook,† a comprehensive 22 page guide running down surveillance services Microsoft perform for law enforcement agencies on its various online platforms, which includes detailed instructions from IP address extraction (Quigley, 2010). This article published electronic surveillance guides for Facebook, AOL and Skype (Quigley, 2010). According to Facebook search warrant guidelines data retrieval is based upon a Facebook user ID or group id (Facebook, 2008). When the Facebook ID is not available they can locate a user by using their email a... ... top 50 U.S. web properties for June 2010, Retrieved August 08, 2010 from: http://www.comscore.com/Press_Events/Press_Releases/2010/7/comScore_Media_Metrix_Ranks_Top_50_U.S._Web_Properties_for_June_2010/%28language%29/eng-US comScore (2010b, June 2). Social networking ranks fastest growing mobile content category, Fastest growing content catergories via browser access 3 month avg. Retrieved August 8, 2010 from: http://www.comscore.com/Press_Events/Press_Releases/2010/6/Social_Networking_Ranks_as_Fastest-Growing_Mobile_Content_Category/%28language%29/eng-US comScore. (2010c, July 28). Social networking sites reach a higher percentage of women than men worldwide. Reston, VA: Retrieved on August 4, 2010 from: http://www.comscore.com/Press_Events/Press_Releases/2010/7/Social_Networking_Sites_Reach_a_Higher_Percentage_of_Women_than_Men_Worldwide/%28language%29/eng-US

Explain the impact of Jesus upon the world of his day and today’s society. Essay

In the beginning of John’s gospel there is a description of Jesus as ‘The Word’. Verse 2 ‘He was in the beginning with God; all things were made through him. ’ Later in the same chapter John says ‘The Word became flesh and dwelt among us. ’ If that is true then Jesus was involved in the act of creation and so we must say that his impact is total. During his lifetime Jesus’ impact would have been relatively small – no media circus to follow him about and publicize his words and actions. He met thousands in a relatively small area, rather than millions world wide, and then, as now, he made both a positive and a negative impact upon individuals. H e would have been less well known than some modern figures such as Gandhi or Winston Churchill. But in Matthew 28 verse 19 and 20 Jesus tells his disciples to go to all nations and make disciples. This order, known as the Great Commission , was carried out by his followers in the years that ensued and they took the gospel message all round the world. Today, according to Adherents Web site there are estimated to be 2. 1 billion people who claim the name Christian, 33% of the world’s population, though it must be admitted that the title Christian means slightly different things to different groups, and has done throughout history. There are various calendars in operation in today’s world. Islam and Judaism for instance count the years differently for religious purposes, but for business purposes as well as religious ones, most of the world counts the years from the approximate date of Jesus’ birth. I have not yet discussed the spiritual impact, but this has been tremendous. Because of Jesus missionaries have explored the world, children have been educated and lives have been changed. The impact hasn’t always been a positive one, as when there have been differences between religious groups, both within Christianity and between Christians and those of other groups. In some parts of the world the impact is lessening, but in others it rises rapidly. Jesus continues to make a difference.

Rubber Tires essays

Rubber Tires essays Imagine waking up one morning, going outside to get the newspaper and taking in a refreshing breathe of air but instead, that air is filled with harmful pollutants that are being put off by a nearby pile of burning tires. Burning rubber tires is done in two ways. The most common is setting fire to millions of tires in a scrap pile. The other source of tire burning is done by cement kilns. Tires are used in these kilns because they burn at higher combustion temperatures and last longer as opposed to using coal. When tires are being burned, there are 2 types of pollutants that are released. The EPA refers to these as criteria pollutants that include carbon monoxide, nitrogen di-oxide, sulfur di-oxide, ozone and particulate matter. The other pollutants are called exotics, these include 189 hazardous air pollutants, the most harmful ones are benzene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, metals, dioxins, and furans. The criteria pollutants affect atmospheric pollution and aggravate respiratory problems. But it is in the exotics that you will find the carcinogens, teratogens and mutagens that cause birth defects and reproductive system damage. Dioxins are the most potent man-made carcinogen. Exposure to an extremely low level can cause a wide range of serious health effects such as; reproductive impairment, developmental injuries and increased risk of diabetes. The EPA conducts test burns to determine how many pollutants are given off when tires are burned. In a burn done at Kaiser cement kiln in California found a 603% increase in lead emissions, a 30% increase in dioxins, an 837% increase in hexavalent chromium and increases in nitrous oxides and particulate matter. Dr. Neil Carman states that there are tendencies to skew test data in favor of burning tires as showing no statistical difference to showing that tires burn cleaner than coal. When millions or tires are being burned it is a difficult t...

Free Essays on A Day in My Life

, but they was said. And I let them stay said; and never thought no more about reforming. I shoved the whole thing out of my head; and said I would take up wickedness again, which was in my line, being brung up to it, and the other warn't. And for a starter, I would go to work and steal Jim out of slavery again; and if I could think up anything worse, I would do that, too; be... Free Essays on A Day in My Life Free Essays on A Day in My Life I felt good and all washed clean of sin for the first time I had ever felt so in my life, and I knowed I could pray now. But I didn't do it straight off, but laid the paper down and set there thinking-thinking how good it was all this happened so, and how near I come to being lost and going to hell. And went on thinking. And got to thinking over our trip down the river; and I see Jim before me, all the time, in the day, and in the nighttime, sometimes moonlight, sometimes storms, and we a floating alond, talking, and singing, and laughing. But somehow I couldn't seem to strike no places to harden me against him, but only the other kind. I'd see him standing my watch on top of his'n, stead of calling me, so I could go on sleeping; and see him how glad he was when I come back out of the fog; and when I come to him again in the swamp, up there where the feud was; and such-like times; and would always call me honey, and pet me, and do everything he could think of for me, and how good he always was; and at last I struck the time I saved him by telling the men we had small-pox aboard, and he was so grateful, and said I was the best friend old Jim ever had in the world, and the only one he's got now; and then I happened to look around, and see that paper. It was a close place. I took it up, and held it in my hand. I was a trembling, because I'd got to decide, forever, betwixt two things, and I knowed it. I studied a minute, sort of holding my breath, and then says to myself: "All right, then, I'll go to hell"-and tore it up. It was awful thoughts, and awful words, but they was said. And I let them stay said; and never thought no more about reforming. I shoved the whole thing out of my head; and said I would take up wickedness again, which was in my line, being brung up to it, and the other warn't. And for a starter, I would go to work and steal Jim out of slavery again; and if I could think up anything worse, I would do that, too; be...

Hospital Atmosphere and a Noble Profession Essay

Hospital Atmosphere and a Noble Profession - Essay Example I had always developed an impression that hospitals and patients would do better with more readily available service. Hospitals are perpetually short of hands and either fewer nurses are available, or hospitals are not employing enough of them. Many times I have noticed that patients are more in need of constant help, whereas hospitals are unable to provide such help. This usually ends in patient dissatisfaction and deprival. While being hospitalized, people need more individual attention, constant companionship and staff presence. It is very important for me to get admission into nursing, as I cannot compromise with another career easily. I do not like to take up a career for which I do not feel a positive response. I would like to do the work that motivates me. And till now, hospital work is the only work in which I am sure, that I will find fulfilment. Hospital atmosphere inspires me to be kind and helpful to fellow human beings who are, at that moment, in need of help. It could b e due to the right vibes I received from my mother’s routine work in the hospital, or could be my own mental make-up; I always thought that nursing is a noble profession and never changed my mind on that ideal. It is imperative for me to find the right career at this juncture of my life so that I could proceed about my future in a systematic way and avoid confusion about the chosen goal. I would like to impress that I am passionate about this work and hope to have a long and fulfilling career in it.

Newscorp phone-Hacking Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Newscorp phone-Hacking - Speech or Presentation Example The issue here goes much beyond phone hacking and goes to the question of corporate culture, ethics, privacy, confidentiality and freedom of speech. Journalists are traditionally have a right to investigate and they are expected to report fearlessly. The Pulitzer prize of USA is awarded to such outstanding journalists. However, what Murdoch and his hacks accomplished was not an expose into illegal dealings but an expose into the private sorrow of deceased soldiers and murdered girls. Clearly, News Corp went to a new low. However, some people have also blamed the news hungry public that constantly feeds off the cable television, the Internet and other modern media tools. Realty shows also find high viewership and in such shows, celebrities commit all types of behaviour that should not be actually shown on public TV but which the celebrities want to be shown. In addition, there are crime TV series and other such channels where the blur between acceptable and tasteless footage is very f ineClearly, people place great pressure on the newsmakers, reporters and media houses to deliver and show something new and unique. TV ratings, advertisement revenues, salaries of people and survival of the media channels depends on the ‘eyeballs’ that their content generates. Thus, journalists are under great pressure to deliver what the public wants. News Corp had been hacking phones since 2005 and a large number of people read stories some of which were presumably written using phone hacks. It was only after that the journalists were caught that people were disgusted. Therefore, the audience is also partly to blame for creating a demand for such tasteless stories. 3) Practical and realistic policy recommendation It is clear from the incident of News Corp that ethics, moral responsibility and corporate culture of news media houses is highly questionable. The government is in a very tight position. If it brings in regulations and imposes curbs on what can be published and what cannot, the whole media will revolt and cry out against censorship, forgetting the main issue of phone hacking. At the same time, if the government does not do anything, it is accused of dragging its feet and of being held to ransom by a power media house.